Background & Aim: Exercise Training, as a practical strategy, plays an important role in increasing adropin, adiponillin, reducing insulin resistance and preventing complications of overweight. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of Exercise Training on adropin, adiponillin, and insulin resistance indices in overweight and obese adult women. Methods: A systematic search was conducted for English and Farsi articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Sid and Magiran databases until June 2024. The mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test, and publication bias was evaluated through visual analysis of the funnel plot and Egger's test. Results: A total of 9 studies (10 interventions) and 208 overweight and obese adult female subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that Exercise Training had a non-significant effect on adropin [WMD=-0.387 (3.820 to -0.534) P=0.139], adipolin [WMD=3.320 (14.674 to -8.034) P=0.573], as well as a non-significant decrease in glucose [WMD=-7.222 (-2.153 to -12.291) P=0.005], insulin [WMD=-1.337 (0.503 to -3.178) P=0.154] and insulin resistance [WMD=0.254 (0.048 to -0.181) P=-0.067] compared to the control group of overweight and obese adult women. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis revealed that Exercise Training did not significantly improve adropin, adiponillin, and insulin resistance indices in overweight and obese adult women. Specifically, Exercise Training did not lead to a significant decrease in these indices compared to the control group.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Romberg Exercise on balance improvement in elderly persons, 70 elderly persons with the history of two or more falling during recent 3 months were selected from Kahrizak nursing home in Tehran (38 as cases and 32 as controls).Materials & Methods: Romberg Exercise was done in case group every day (45 minute per day and one time each day) for 3 months. Among all persons, 28 persons in case group and 21 persons in control group were followed for 6 months and incidence and frequency of falling were assessed during this time.Results: The Incidence of one or more falling in case and control groups was 31.3% and 47.6% in men and 57.9% and 27.3% in women, respectively. We found no significant relation between gender and the incidence of falling (P=0.460). Also, no significant relation was found between age and incidence (P=0.554) and frequency of falling (P=0.144) in elderly persons.Conclusion: Although the effect of Romberg Exercise on improvement of balance disturbance and falling was not demonstrated, it needs additional studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up.

Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study the effectiveness of gamification on corporate Training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train the location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) the participants of the study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of the posttest analyses indicated the effectiveness of gamification of the Training performed for the employees of the firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, the descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by the members of the experimental group after gamified Training indicated that all the participants in the experimental group were satisfied with the gamified Training course.

Background and Aims: Exercise, as a practical strategy, plays a crucial role in increasing sirtuin 1 protein levels, improving lipid profiles, and preventing complications of overweight and obesity. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of Exercise Training on sirtuin 1 protein levels and lipid profiles in adults with and without chronic diseases. Materials and Methods: In the present meta-analysis research, a systematic search of English and Persian studies published in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SID, and Magiran databases was conducted until September 2024. Weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random effect model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the (I2) test, and publication bias was evaluated by visual analysis of the funnel plot and Egger's test. Results: A total of 13 studies (with 15 interventions) and 398 adults with and without chronic diseases were meta-analyzed. The results showed that Exercise Training significantly increased sirtuin 1 [WMD=1.479 (1.103 to 1.856) P=0.001] and high density lipoprotein [WMD=-9.884 (5.166 to 14.603) P=0.001], compared to the control group. However, Exercise Training significantly decreased total Cholesterol [WMD=-14.071 (-20.057 to -8.085), P=0.001], triglyceride [WMD=-19.616 (-24.058 to -15.175), P=0.001], and low density lipoprotein [WMD=-15.636 (-21.911 to -9.361), P=0.001], compared to the control group in adults with and without chronic diseases. Conclusion: The results of the present meta-analysis showed that Exercise has a positive effect on sirtuin 1 levels and lipid profile indices in adults with and without chronic diseases.

Cisplatin (CP), a medication originating from the platinum has been used for solid cancers’ treatment in the last decade. CP is associated with numerous side effects as well. One of the side effects is nephrotoxicity. There are some types of procedure which can attenuate harmful effects of the drug, and the effectiveness of physical activity has been a controversial topic. It is well established that physical activity has positive effects on chronic kidney disease (CKD). The Exercise Training can modulate CP induced muscle wasting both in males and females. Although Exercise Training may have protective effect on renal function and the related risk factors, it cannot attenuate the renal injury resulted from CP therapy in females. The Exercise Training may improve interleukin 6 and heme oxygenase-1, reduces the production of CD4+T cell cytokines from the kidney, which play a major role in adaptive immune response. The present mini-review considered the effect of Exercise Training accompanied by the CP treatment.

The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) which caused COVID-19, is a pandemic that threatens human societies in many ways. It seems that the main strategy of managing coronavirus at present is to prevent infection. In addition to improving physical fitness, moderate-intensity Exercise boosts the cellmediated and humoral immune system responses, especially in people with weakened immune systems who are at risk of coronavirus implications such as the elderly, obese people and those with chronic diseases. Therefore, performing regular Exercise during life span can be considered as an effective strategy to prevent viral diseases such as COVID-19. On the other hand, home quarantine and non-use of public sports setting reduce physical fitness, circadian rhythm disturbances, sleep disturbances, depression, increased sedentary behaviors and impair the balance of energy received and consumed, which leads to a weakened immune system and a more severe risk of complications from COVID-19 disease. Performing moderate-intensity Exercise at home during an outbreak can be an effective strategy in counteracting these complications. In addition, moderateintensity Exercise is effective in improving the immune system and counteracting the effects of coronavirus directly by enhancing the immune system, antioxidant defenses and anti-inflammatory responses, and as well as indirectly by reducing anxiety, improving mood and modulating fat profile and insulin sensitivity.